you can only do this for the current flight. When the adventure starts, pause the game. Go to Aircraft menu, and select aircraft. There's no way I know of where you can change the aircraft permanently.
The adventures are just saved flights in a different directory.
If you saved the flight after selecting a different aircraft you would essentially save the adventure - the .flt, .wx and (if there is one) the .pln file - with whatever changes you made under a different name. It would be saved in the myflts folder.