Generally, US military bases have a "no photos inside the fence" policy; if they want a buffer zone to prevent scrutiny from outside, they will have warnings posted. Tere are some exceptions, but if it's not a "forward" base, they can be negotiated... for example, at MacDill I asked about photographing the planes on display outside the flag entrance- I was told to just let the guards at the gate know what I was doing, especially if I needed to point the camera at the gate (which they might say "no" to).
Never did get around to doing that, but my impression was that they were willing to be reasonable, within the bounds of common sense. My flimsy contractor credentials did not put me at any advantage, believe me.

I'd say they're a little more paranoid at
civilian airports these days.