Two of the dams were successfully breached. Of the 133 aircrew who departed, 56 failed to return.
Flt Lt John Hopgood DFC & Bar was the second aircraft to attack the Mohne dam, following Wg Cdr Guy Gibson, who was awarded the Victoria Cross for his leadership of the raid. Already having suffered damage and mortal injuries to some of his crew, Hopgood pressed home his attack, only to have his "Upkeep" bounce over the dam and explode under his Lancaster. The two members of his crew who bailed out, are widely credited with the lowest successful abandonment of an aircraft by parachute during the war.
Flt Lt Hopgood's grave, February 2013, Rheinberg Cemetery, Germany.
