by denishc » Sat Apr 26, 2003 10:47 pm
There have been several reasons for the change from 30 caliber (7.62mm) to 5.56mm.
First of all a 30 caliber weapon in full auto was almost impossible to hold down, and on target, when fired. True the first round would hit the target, maybe the second but by the fourth round your rifle was an anti aircraft piece.
Second the recoil of a 30 caliber round was rough on the sholder. The constant fire of a 30 caliber weapon would just hammer a GI.
Third, although the 30 caliber round offers good long range ability, fire fights seldom took place at long range and it was felt the need to "reach out and touch someone" wasn't needed by the common foot soldier.
But most of all the 5.56 mm is lighter then the 30 caliber, weight wise, meaning the foot soldier could carry more rounds of 5.56mm than the 30 caliber, up to one third more rounds.
Its felt that the higher velocity of the the 5.56 mm round would make up for any loss of stopping power provided by the heavier 30 caliber.